While zero‑knowledge integrations such as OP Succinct inch closer to production, most of the value locked in Layer‑2 still depends on “optimistic” assumptions – thanks to simpler design, stronger tooling, and years of battle‑testing. That puts Optimism’s Fault Proof System on center stage as the last line of defense for billions in L2 value. Fault Proofs 101
Decentralized Finance (DeFi) protocols have revolutionized financial services, offering permissionless lending, borrowing, and trading. And despite market fluctuations, DeFi protocols held over $100 billion in Total Value Locked (TVL) as of May 2025. This concentration of value makes robust security paramount. Pioneering lending protocols like Compound (founded in 2017, with major versions V2 in 2019
Uniswap V2 (main-net launch 18 May 2020) is still responsible for ~40 % of Uniswap TVL on Ethereum mainnet and many L2 roll-ups despite V3/V4 advances. Integrators therefore inherit its design trade-offs and latent attack surface. Many articles describe the main ideas of the protocol, and the contracts are considered secure due to their long
The DualDefense Flash Pools MVP successfully demonstrated the viability of real-yield security staking, proving that decentralized audit pools can create a more secure Web3 environment. However, one major challenge emerged: the limited number of pools available under the initial framework. To make a real impact, we need a broader, more scalable solution. With this goal,
Enterprise adoption of blockchain presents significant opportunities but introduces complex cybersecurity challenges that demand C-suite attention. While the technology promises decentralization and efficiency, the transition from Web2 requires navigating immature security practices and novel threat vectors. Failure to address these risks proactively leads not just to financial loss, but to severe reputational damage, regulatory penalties,
DeFi lending protocols rely heavily on accurate price oracles for determining collateral values, borrowing limits, and triggering liquidations. Traditional Time-Weighted Average Price (TWAP) oracles, while widely adopted, are inherently susceptible to price manipulation, resulting in potentially devastating unfair liquidations and systemic market inefficiencies. The introduction of Uniswap V4’s Truncated Oracle aims to address these critical
The first quarter of 2025 marked one of the most alarming periods in Web3 security history — with over $2 billion lost in just three months. A 96% increase compared to Q1 2024. What’s behind this staggering number? The story points to operational failures, access control exploits, and a persistent pattern of multisig compromises. What’s
This article is part of a series exploring security considerations in Uniswap V4. In our previous article, Auditing Uniswap V4 Hooks: Risks, Exploits, and Secure Implementation, we analyzed potential vulnerabilities in hooks and best practices for secure integration. Here, we focus on the security implications of transient storage (EIP-1153) and its impact on Uniswap V4.
Bybit, a leading cryptocurrency exchange, has been conducting monthly Proof of Reserves (PoR) audits with Hacken since June 2024. This transparency initiative proved critical during the recent $1.5B hack, helping stabilize withdrawals and reinforce user confidence. Bybit’s latest PoR audit, verified by Hacken on February 26, 2025, confirmed that Bybit maintains a reserve ratio exceeding
